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VRscores Research

Research Library

This is a list of all the papers using VRscores data.

  • VRscores: A Voter Registration-Based Approach for Measuring Workforce Politics

    Max Kagan, Justin Frake, Reuben Hurst

    This paper introduces VRscores, a workplace-level measure of employee partisanship constructed by linking U.S. voter registrations to electronically available profiles of workers covering 2012 to 2024. The organizational-level dataset measures the partisanship of 24.5 million workers across more than 534,000 employers with at least five employees in our data. We release this…

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  • Political Segregation in the US Workplace

    Justin Frake, Reuben Hurst, Max Kagan

    Using a novel dataset created by matching employment histories with voter registration data for 45.3 million workers, we provide the first large-scale estimate of workplace political segregation in the United States. We present four main findings. First, partisans are strongly segregated by workplace. The average Democrat's coworkers are 11.7 percentage points more Democratic…

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  • Business on the Ballot: Employee Voting as Nonmarket Strategy

    Max Kagan

    Can employees help firms compete in the nonmarket arena? Research on nonmarket strategy has recognized constituency building as a form of corporate political activity (CPA), but there has been limited investigation into whether and how firms can rely upon employees to support their political goals. While employees would seem a promising target for constituency building,…

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  • Organizational Civic Culture: Workplaces as Engines of Democratic Participation

    Reuben Hurst, Max Kagan, Matthew Lee, Justin Frake

    Organizational cultures shape not only workplace outcomes but also civic life. While prior work has largely conceptualized civic culture within geographic units (e.g., country, state, or city), we introduce and evaluate the concept of organizational civic culture -- the norms and values within organizations of participation in democratic institutions beyond the workplace.…

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  • Corporate Political Stances and Employee Turnover

    James White, Reuben Hurst, Max Kagan

    We provide the first study investigating the relationship between corporate political stances and employee turnover. While prior studies suggest asymmetrically negative reactions from stakeholders misaligned with corporate stances, they have tended to examine behaviors that incur little cost to stakeholders. We argue that when it comes to turnover, where expressing opposition…

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Have a forthcoming paper or published article that draws on VRscores? Email the team so we can keep this library current.