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Occupation · Production Occupations

Shoe and Leather Workers and Repairers

SOC 51-6041.00 · 173 matched workers · medium confidence

Strong Democratic lean
64.4% Democratic, 35.6% Republican

Two-party shares across 173 workers in this occupation matched to voter registration records.

64.4%
35.6%
DemocraticRepublican
Imputed
65.1% D · 34.9% R
Includes lean for unaffiliated registrants
Major group
Production Occupations
SOC major code 51-0000
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Where Shoe and Leather Workers and Repairers falls

Among the most Democratic-leaning occupations in Production Occupations (93th percentile).

← DemocraticRepublican →First-Line Supervisors of Production and Operating Workers — 54% DemocraticPaper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders — 58% DemocraticInspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers — 52% DemocraticButchers and Meat Cutters — 59% DemocraticBakers — 67% DemocraticWelders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers — 45% DemocraticHelpers--Production Workers — 63% DemocraticPackaging and Filling Machine Operators and Tenders — 56% DemocraticPlant and System Operators, All Other — 46% DemocraticMachinists — 42% DemocraticBiofuels Processing Technicians — 54% DemocraticTeam Assemblers — 60% DemocraticLathe and Turning Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic — 45% DemocraticPotters, Manufacturing — 60% DemocraticStationary Engineers and Boiler Operators — 39% DemocraticTiming Device Assemblers and Adjusters — 54% DemocraticSemiconductor Processing Technicians — 55% DemocraticFood Batchmakers — 62% DemocraticPrepress Technicians and Workers — 55% DemocraticPrinting Press Operators — 51% DemocraticLayout Workers, Metal and Plastic — 47% DemocraticPrint Binding and Finishing Workers — 58% DemocraticFood and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders — 64% DemocraticSeparating, Filtering, Clarifying, Precipitating, and Still Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders — 49% DemocraticPhotographic Process Workers and Processing Machine Operators — 68% DemocraticWater and Wastewater Treatment Plant and System Operators — 44% DemocraticCleaning, Washing, and Metal Pickling Equipment Operators and Tenders — 54% DemocraticHydroelectric Plant Technicians — 45% DemocraticTextile, Apparel, and Furnishings Workers, All Other — 61% DemocraticJewelers and Precious Stone and Metal Workers — 64% DemocraticComputer Numerically Controlled Tool Programmers — 40% DemocraticTool and Die Makers — 35% DemocraticFood Processing Workers, All Other — 59% DemocraticStructural Metal Fabricators and Fitters — 36% DemocraticAdhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders — 49% DemocraticFabric and Apparel Patternmakers — 72% DemocraticPressers, Textile, Garment, and Related Materials — 52% DemocraticLaundry and Dry-Cleaning Workers — 60% DemocraticSlaughterers and Meat Packers — 56% DemocraticAircraft Structure, Surfaces, Rigging, and Systems Assemblers — 55% DemocraticPower Plant Operators — 42% DemocraticNuclear Power Reactor Operators — 38% DemocraticPainting, Coating, and Decorating Workers — 61% DemocraticMolding, Coremaking, and Casting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic — 44% DemocraticPower Distributors and Dispatchers — 40% DemocraticFood Cooking Machine Operators and Tenders — 62% DemocraticTailors, Dressmakers, and Custom Sewers — 67% DemocraticElectromechanical Equipment Assemblers — 51% DemocraticModel Makers, Wood — 58% DemocraticMedical Appliance Technicians — 63% DemocraticPourers and Casters, Metal — 50% DemocraticFurniture Finishers — 52% DemocraticExtruding, Forming, Pressing, and Compacting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders — 48% DemocraticComputer Numerically Controlled Tool Operators — 42% DemocraticSewing Machine Operators — 63% DemocraticDental Laboratory Technicians — 53% DemocraticMultiple Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic — 53% DemocraticTextile Bleaching and Dyeing Machine Operators and Tenders — 64% DemocraticGlass Blowers, Molders, Benders, and Finishers — 58% DemocraticExtruding and Forming Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Synthetic and Glass Fibers — 46% DemocraticModel Makers, Metal and Plastic — 41% DemocraticOphthalmic Laboratory Technicians — 58% DemocraticElectrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers — 59% DemocraticTire Builders — 48% DemocraticCabinetmakers and Bench Carpenters — 47% DemocraticCoating, Painting, and Spraying Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders — 52% DemocraticEngine and Other Machine Assemblers — 51% DemocraticMetal-Refining Furnace Operators and Tenders — 46% DemocraticChemical Equipment Operators and Tenders — 48% DemocraticCooling and Freezing Equipment Operators and Tenders — 48% DemocraticMixing and Blending Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders — 60% DemocraticTextile Knitting and Weaving Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders — 56% DemocraticMolders, Shapers, and Casters, Except Metal and Plastic — 56% DemocraticWelding, Soldering, and Brazing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders — 39% DemocraticShoe Machine Operators and Tenders — 56% DemocraticTextile Cutting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders — 55% DemocraticExtruding and Drawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic — 63% DemocraticFoundry Mold and Coremakers — 65% DemocraticSawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Wood — 46% DemocraticChemical Plant and System Operators — 41% DemocraticFurnace, Kiln, Oven, Drier, and Kettle Operators and Tenders — 47% DemocraticAssemblers and Fabricators, All Other — 53% DemocraticGem and Diamond Workers — 60% DemocraticPetroleum Pump System Operators, Refinery Operators, and Gaugers — 43% DemocraticPlating Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic — 53% DemocraticStone Cutters and Carvers, Manufacturing — 61% DemocraticGas Plant Operators — 42% DemocraticWoodworkers, All Other — 54% DemocraticProduction Workers, All Other — 58% DemocraticGrinding, Lapping, Polishing, and Buffing Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Pl — 51% DemocraticCoil Winders, Tapers, and Finishers — 54% DemocraticHeat Treating Equipment Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic — 52% DemocraticCutting and Slicing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders — 51% DemocraticForging Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic — 38% DemocraticPatternmakers, Wood — 71% DemocraticTextile Winding, Twisting, and Drawing Out Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders — 53% DemocraticGrinding and Polishing Workers, Hand — 63% DemocraticRolling Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic — 51% DemocraticShoe and Leather Workers and Repairers — 64% Democratic0%25%50%75%100%
Each dot is one of the 98 other occupations in Production Occupations; size scales by worker count. Hover to see names — click to jump.

How this is measured

VRscores estimate the partisan composition of an occupation by linking voter registration records to employment profiles. Each worker is assigned to one occupation per year. The two-party shares above exclude workers with no major-party affiliation.

Read the full methodology or the published Organization Science paper.

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Citation

Kagan, Max; Frake, Justin; Hurst, Reuben (2026). “VRscores: A New Measure and Data Set of Workforce Politics Using Voter Registrations.” Organization Science, 37(2), 444–465.
https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2025.20402